A chromosome is a structure that occurs within cells and that contains the cell's genetic material. Also known as the monarchial type of chromosomes, they have a centromere that is located towards the end of the chromosome. In some cases, the telomeres extend from both the chromosome ends. In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure. The amount of centromeres present in the chromosome helps determine the type of chromosome. These chromosomes are very common in the cells that belong to organisms in the animal and vegetable kingdom. Many kinds of gene mutations can occur, especially during DNA replication. Thus, telocentric chromosomes have a ‘rod’ shaped appearance. Chromosomal Abnormalities PPT and PDF Free To Download: A body abnormality, disorder, anomaly, aberration, or mutation may be a missing, extra, or irregular portion of body desoxyribonucleic acid.It is from an atypical range of chromosomes or a structural abnormality in one or additional chromosomes. These different types of chromosomes based on the number of centromeres are the following: Acromic chromosome Regulation of Cell Cycle by Checkpoints PPT; Classification of Chromosomes based on Position of Centromere PPT; DNA Repair Mechanisms Part 1: Introduction to DNA Repair PPT; DNA Repair Mechanisms Part 4: Nucleotide Excision Repair of DNA PPT; DNA Repair Mechanisms Part 2: Photoreactivation Repair of DNA PPT According to the number of centromeres. ADVERTISEMENTS: Kinds of Chromosomes: Lampbrush, Polytene and Supernumerary! That genetic material, which determines how an organism develops, is a … Lampbrush Chromosomes 3. Prokaryotic Nucleoids. They can be seen with naked eye and are characterized by fine lateral loops, arising from the chromomeres, during first prophase […] Study of chromosome structure, morphology, number andtypes - Karyotype and Idiogram . Type # 1. Nondisjunction is a common mechanism for ... – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 70611d-NWZlN Chromosomal mutations are more likely to occur during Meiosis Mutations can be caused by several factors. DNA is the basic unit of Heredity. Types of Chromosome Mutations Aneuploidy (2n +/- m) Aneuploids differ from wild-type individuals by part of a chromosome set. Chromosome- Structure, Types and Functions. Polytene Chromsomes or Salivary Gland Chromosomes: ADVERTISEMENTS: The giant chromosomes were first observed in the cells of salivary glands, gut, … Two Types of Mutations Some mutations affect a single gene, while others affect an entire chromosome. Polytene Chromsomes or Salivary Gland Chromosomes 2. 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